Scotland, France, Finland, Norway, Sweden and New Zealand, among others, are expected to follow suit, and the European Union as a whole is also considering the measure
3 Tobacco use continues to be treated as a low priority issue Nicotine/ tobacco withdrawal includes symptoms of anxiety, irritability, and mood changes that can mask other symptoms and complicate treatment 50% of smokers with mental illness are considering quitting in the next 1-6 months x a Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Augustine FL, San Antonia TX, Santa Fe and Albuquerque NM Second half of 18th century, Spain sought to reinvigorate empire North of Rio Grande River o Stabilize relationship with Indians o Alarmed by how many French merchants were coming in from Louisiana o Hoped applying scientific methods would bring progress o But wanted to maintain monarchy Put region under military commander Used coercion, gifts, and trade to woo Indians Settler population was too small o Made fighting English an impossible task The Spanish in California Mid 18th century, Russians from Moscow established forts from Alaska to California to challenge Spains fur trade 1769 Spanish launched the Sacred Experiment to take control of coast north of San Diego Established religious missions in California o Converted Indians into Spaniards The French Empire Expanded in Canada Emigration from France was not too great o Viewed colonies as a place of cruel exile for criminals and outcasts Posed threat to British colonies o Large arc of territory o Close military and trading relationship with Indians 8 Battle for the Continent Ohio Valley was a struggle for power between British, French, rival Indians communities, settlers, and land companies Middle Ground: A borderland between European empires and Indian sovereignty where various native peoples and Europeans lived side by side in relative harmony o Indians leaned that confrontation with Europeans meant suicide, and alliance with one side put them in danger from the other side 1749, Virginia awarded a half-a-million-acre land grant to the Ohio Company o Sparked bolstered their presence (Seven Years War, aka the French and Indian War) The Seven Years War Seven Years War: The lastand most importantof four colonial wars fought between England and France for control of North America east of the Mississippi River 1754, British tried to removed French from their forts in western Pennsylvania George Washington tried to persuade them to leave o Resulted in Washington losing 1/3 of his men and surrendering General Edward Braddock led expedition against Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh) o Ambushed by French and Indians and lost 2/3 of his men 1757 British Secretary of State William Pitt raised money and increased men and naval forces o Captured Forts Duquesne, Ticonderoga, Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island o Defeated French on Plains of Abraham o o Seized islands in French Caribbean Took control of India A World Transformed France gave Canada to Britain o In return they got back Guadeloupe and Martinique (sugar islands) Spain gave Florida to Britain o In return they got back the Philippines and Cuba Spain gave France the vast Louisiana colony Britain now owned the entire continent east of Mississippi River Seven Years War put France in financial crisis (helped spark French Revolution later) British increased taxes on American colonies to recoup war expenses Pontiacs Rebellion Pontiacs Rebellion: An Indian attack on British forts and settlements after France ceded to the British its territory east of the Mississippi River, as part of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, without consulting Frances Indian allies French gave Indian lands to British o Indians confused over land claims, control of fur trade, and tribal relations in general 1763, Indians of Ohio Valley and Great Lakes launched a revolt against British rule Rebellion named after Ottawa war leader but inspired by teachings of Neolin o Neolin: A native American religious prophet who, by preaching pan-Indian unity and rejection of European technology and commerce, helped inspire Pontiacs Rebellion Pan-Indian identity: All Indians were a single people and only through corporation could they regain their lost independence The Proclamation Line Indians seized 9 fort and killed hundreds of colonists who had intruded on their land 9 Proclamation of 1763: Royal directive issued after the French and Indian War prohibiting settlement, surveys, and land grants west of the Appalachian Mountains
The ideas are echoed by other retailers
The topics discussed in these slide is ship with no smoking written on it
Although plaintiffs do not need to prove intent, evidence suggests that tobacco companies misled consumers about the number of smoking deaths per year
